History

Its name, which is Latin in origin and dates back to the times of Castilian domination, is a reference to the site on which the village stands and to the colour of its soil: Montalban means "white mountain".
In Moslem times, Montalban stood on the border between the coras (regions) of Cordoba and Cabra. It was definitively conquered by troops led by Ferdinand III during his second stay in Cordoba: February 1240 - March 1241.
During the early Middle Ages, Montalban belonged to a number of different houses of the Cordoba nobility. Don Pedro Fernandez de Cordoba, Lord of Aguilar and Marquis of Priego, bought the village at the beginning of the 16th century, and Montalban, like the other villages of the Campiña de Cordoba region, came under the lordly control of the Priego dynasty.

Eminent citizens
Eloy Vaquero Cantillo, writer and politician.
Enrique Moreno Rodriguez, sculptor.
Antonio Marquez Galvez, military leader.
Carlos Tomas de Guzman el Bueno, historian.
Carlos Castellano Gomez, composer.
Jose Perez de la Lastra y Rodriguez, writer.
Ildefonso Jose Nieto, priest and confessor of Queen Isabella II.
Brother Sebastian de Jesus (currently being beatified).